Oncology (Cancer Medicine)

Oncology is the study of cancer. There are 5 main areas of oncology are etiology, prevention, diagnosis, biology and treatment. As a clinical authority, it draws upon a broad variety of medical specialties; as a research discipline, oncology also engage specialists in numerous areas of biology and in a variety of other scientific areas. Oncology has led to main progress in the understanding not only of cancer but also of normal biology.

Cancer defines as a disease that expands when the orderly relationship of cell division and cell differentiation becomes chaotic. In cancer, dividing cells seem to mislay the capacity to differentiate, and they obtain the capacity to attack through basement membranes and spread (metastasize) too many areas of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Cancer is typically clonal, that is, it develops primarily in a single cell. That abnormal cell then creates progeny that may perform rather heterogeneously. Some progeny go on to divide, some develop the ability to metastasize, and some increase resistance to therapeutic agents. This single cell and its progeny, if unimpeded, typically lead to the death of the host.